The Role and feature of Router in internetworking

 

The Role and feature of Router in internetworking

In this text I describe the position and function of router in internetworking. Router is a layer 3 tool properly referred to as network layer. Router forwards the statistics packets among two special networks. The facts packets forwarded by means of router on the premise of protocol which are designed by using the network administrator. The statistics packets sent from source to vacation spot by using many routers.

The concern of Networking devices is related to the device used in a community. The networking devices affords the facts switch among special nodes of the network. It became useful to seem in CCNA examination after knowledge the networking gadgets for CCNA. Network gadgets are the equipment’s which facilitates to drift the information between nodes like switch, hub, router, wi-fi router and many others.

The primary purpose of networking is to share the resources to be had in the community. For example assume you have a small community consisting 20 computer systems for office work. You don’t need to buy a separate printer for each computer. You can use a single printer for all of the gadgets linked with the network. Similarly you may use a unmarried scanner and other gadgets with sharing with all computers of the community. To recognize IOT it is essential to recognize the networking devices for CCNA

A router connects  or more special networks. Router works like a gateway for a community. When the destination of a facts packet is past the LAN, the packet forwarded to the gateway router. The router acquire the statistics packet and forward to another network in step with the network address data on the packet. The complete technique performed by way of the use of the routing desk and routing coverage of the router.

What is router?

A router is a device which matches at network layer in an internetwork. A router get hold of and transmit the records packets between one-of-a-kind laptop networks. Router look into the header segment of the received packet to test the destination IP deal with and forward thus. A router can connect with the aid of many methods like Serial port, Ethernet port, Fast Ethernet port and optic fibre port. Router works on its running software referred to as IOS. IOS is acronym of Internetwork Operating System. IOS consist the database of network topology and routing and routed protocol database.

The router is always placed at the boundary of a community. Router is a commonplace gateway for all records packets of a community. When we use internet there are masses of routers may forward the facts between the net server and our laptop. Router may be related with the aid of physical media or wi-fi media. Both operating identical feature of records packet forwarding. The pleasant example of router is WiFi Hotspot at domestic which connects multiple home devices with internet.

Types of router

Types of router are defined on the idea of role of router. In a huge community router can perform the role of Core router, Backbone router, inner router or aspect router. The configuration of routers is changed according to the role of routers. For instance Core routers are utilized by ISPs. A Core router connects a lots of users so it need a high configuration. Core routers are fastest and maximum effective routers. Enterprise routers connects the large companies networks with the middle routers.

Edge routers are lower potential router which can be generally located at the gateway of a LAN. For example the WiFi routers used at domestic or small workplaces. Edge routers offer the connectivity of neighborhood network with the internet.

Branch routers connects two one of a kind WAN like intranet. We can say the far off vicinity of an company connects through department routers.

Access, core and distribution

Access routers are those routers which can be accessed by using the give up consumer. SOHO Small Office Home Office is the pleasant example of Access Routers. SOHO are the routers which might be used at home or office for net connectivity. Distribution routers is on the next stage routers of Access routers. We can say Distribution routers is gateway for a couple of access routers. Core router may be considered as gateway for distribution routers. So the hierarchy is like proven in below image for middle, distribution and get entry to routers.

Protocols used by router

Routing and Routed protocols used in IP routing to transfer the facts packets from one network to another network. Before going to routing and routed protocols we should know approximately IP routing in router. Basically IP routing in router is a technique of packet transfer between exclusive networks. Selection of path and interface to exit a statistics packet is based on IP routing. IP routing works on numerous routing and routed protocols.

Routing protocols of router

Routing protocols facilitates router to construct and maintain the routing desk in routers. The Routing protocols tell the router approximately the networks. Routing protocols doesn’t carry or push the information packets in any way. Any alternate inside the community required to be replace in the routing tables of all routers. This assignment is completed by way of the routing protocols. Routing protocols help the routers to pick the satisfactory route to go out the facts packets. Example of routing protocols are RIP, RIPv2, EIGRP,OSPF and many others. Routing protocols similarly divided into distance vector, link nation and hybrid protocols. These all routing protocols update the routing desk of all routers inside the community. You can see the routing protocols through “show ip direction” command in privilege command mode of router.

Routed protocols of router

Routed protocols do now not update or preserve the routing table in a router. The Routed protocols are responsible for go with the flow of data packets from one network to some other community. Routed protocols sends the facts packets to correct exit interface of the router. Routed protocols configured on interfaces of the router. Example of routed protocols are IP, Ipv6, IPX and Appletalk. Routed protocols are basically addressing schema of the interfaces of router. Router become aware of the vacation spot community of a statistics packet and send the statistics packet to correct go out interface. The idea of subnetting takes vicinity in routed protocols.

Working of a router

We understand the position and function of router in community. A router connects  or greater networks for information packet forwarding. When a facts packet acquired on any interface of router, it'll look at the header phase of the information packet for destination IP address. After getting the IP deal with of vacation spot router take a look at the routing desk database and forward the data packet as a result. There are many routing and routed protocols used by the router to perform the role and characteristic of router within the internetwork.

The path selection for the records packet is determine by way of the routing protocols like RIP,EIGRP and  OSPF and so forth. NAT and PAT used by routers to ship the facts packets to its correct vacation spot devices. NAT stands for Network Address Translation and PAT is Port Address Translation.

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